荒漠景观固沙柠条林地地表甲虫多样性及其与环境因子的关系

Species Diversity of Ground-Dwelling Beetles and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in the Artificial Caragana Brushland of Fixed Sandy Lands in Ningxia

在宁夏白芨滩国家级自然保护区边缘的磁窑堡地区,选择荒漠景观下干旱型人工固沙柠条林地、半湿润型沙地人工植被区和干旱型半流动沙地3类有柠条生长的固沙林地作为样地,通过巴氏罐诱法调查该地区的地表甲虫物种多样性。共采集到地表甲虫标本4 778号,经鉴定共50种,隶属于11科30属,其中拟步甲科为绝对优势类群(占总种数的48.0%),其次为象甲科(占总种数的26.0%)。半湿润型沙地人工植被区物种数最多(38种),物种丰富度指数、群落多样性指数最高;干旱型半流动沙地个体数量最大,但物种丰富度指数、群落多样性指数最低。3类生境中地表甲虫共有种16种,占总种数的32.0%,单一生境中分布的独有种占总种数的36%。基于物种数-个体数的Rarefaction曲线显示:半湿润型沙地人工植被区的地表甲虫物种多样性最高,干旱型半流动沙地的物种多样性最低。地表甲虫与环境因子关系的CCA分析结果显示:土壤含水量、植被盖度、人为干扰强度是造成不同生境甲虫多样性差异的主要因素。

This paper studied on the species diversity of ground-dwelling beetles and its relationship with environmental factors in Ciyaobao region which was adjacent Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve of Ningxia.Comparisons were conducted among three kinds of habitats of desert landscape,namely,Caragana of Droughty Manually-Fixed Sandy Land （CDMFSL）,Artificial Vegetation of Semi-Humid Sandy Land （AVSHSL） and the Arid of Semi-Shifting Sandy Land （ASSSL）.Pitfall traps were used to collect ground-dwelling beetle.During the field research,4 778 （50 species） beetles were collected,belongs to 11 families and 50 genera.Tenebrionidae was considered as dominant family,accounted for 48.0％ of total species,followed by Curculionidae accounted for 26％.The species richness index and diversity index were the biggest in AVSHSL （total 38 species）.The individuals were most in ASSSL,but there the species richness index and diversity index were lowest among three different habitats.There were 16 common species in the three different habitats,and they accounted for 32.0％ of total species.Rare species achieved 36.0％ in total species.Rarefaction curves based on species and individuals showed that the species richness was highest in AVSHSL,and was lowest in the ASSSL.The canonical correspondence analysis results showed that soil moisture,vegetation coverage and disturbance intensity were the main factors causing beetles diversity differences.