正电子发射断层显像在药物研究和开发中的应用

The applications of positron emission tomography(PET) in drug research and development

正电子发射断层显像 (PET)是通过探测某些超短寿命放射性核素放射出的正电子与介质中的负电子发生碰撞 (即“湮灭”)过程中 ,产生的一对方向相反、能量均为 5 11keV的光子的数量实现的一种定量、多维影像技术。它主要用于研究生物体 (活体 )的主要器官 (或组织 )在完成其生理功能过程中所伴随的生物化学反应。也可用于直接研究某些药物在生物活体内的生物学行为、疗效和毒性 ,因此 ,在药物研究开发中具有广泛的应用前景。本文简要综述了正电子发射断层显像技术的仪器和原理、正电子发射断层显像用放射性标记化合物。

The action of PET,a quantitative and multidimensional photograhic technique,is realized by detecting some pairs of gamma ray which are opposite in direction but with equal energy of 511 keV photron,produced in process of annihilating positrons emitted from ultrashort radionuclides and electron from media.It is mainly used in studying the biochemical reaction accompanying the process for realization of the physiological function of main organs or tissues in living body.It can also be directly used in studying the bilgogical behavior,efficacy,and toxicity of drugs in vivo .Therefore,PET has a broad prospect in drug research.In this paper,the instrument and mechanism of PET,radiolabeled compounds for PET studies,and its applications in drug research and its limitation were reviewed.