特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者临床特点及血液检验结果观察

Observation of the Clinical Characteristics and Blood Test Results in Patients with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

目的探讨特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的临床特点以及血液学特征。方法收集2009年10月—2013年5月期间,该院收治的ITP患者52例,根据临床类型分为急性型组(AITP组,21例)和慢性型组(CITP组,31例),分析ITP患者的临床特征以及血液检验指标特点。结果 AITP组的男性发病率为57.1%,显著高于CITP组的22.6%;平均年龄为(20.6±11.6)岁,显著低于CITP组的(47.1±3.6)岁;皮肤黏膜出血率以及上呼吸道感染率分别为85.7%、42.9%,显著高于CITP组的71.0%、25.8%;PLT以及Hb均显著高于CITP组,而PAIgG显著低于CITP组(P<0.05)。结论 ITP患者具有特殊临床表现及血液学特点,且急慢性型之间存在较大差异,对于早期准确诊断、指导临床治疗以及病情判断等具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and hematological features of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura （ITP）. Methods 52 patients with ITP admitted in our hospital from October, 2009 to May, 2013 were studied. According to the clinical types, the patients were divided into acute type group （AITP group, 21 cases） and chronic type group （CITP group, 31 cases）. The clinical features and blood test indicators features of patients with ITP were analyzed. Results The incidence of the males in AITP group was 57.1%, significantly higher than 22.6% of the CITP group; the mean age was 20.6 ±11.6 years, obviously younger than 47.1±3.6 years of the CITP group; mucocutaneous bleeding rate and the rate of upper respiratory tract infection was 85.7%, 42.9%, respectively, significantly higher than 71.0%, 25.8%of the CITP group;PLT and Hb were significantly higher than those of the CITP group, but PAIgG was significantly lower than that of the CITP group, P 〈0.05. Conclusion ITP patients have specific clinical manifestations and hematological characteristics, and there is a big difference between acute and chronic type, which is of important significance in early and accurate diagnosis, guidance of clinical treatment and disease clinical judgment.