乳腺癌术后康复期心理问题分析及护理对策

Psychological problem analysis and nursing countermeasures of patients with breast cancer in postoperative and healing stage

目的:了解乳腺癌术后康复期存在的心理问题,制订切实可行的心理护理对策,提高生存质量。方法:以128例乳腺癌术后康复期患者为研究对象,采用黄铎香教授设计的心理健康调查表问卷调查,测定其心理状态。针对其心理状态,给予心理干预,同时比较心理干预前后的心理状态。结果:患者心理反应主要表现为:焦虑(80.5%),烦躁不安(47.7%)、悲观(64.8%)。给予心理干预后,患者抑郁、焦虑、疑病、神经衰弱评分明显低于心理护理前,经过t检验,均有显著差异。结论:做好乳腺癌术后康复期患者的心理护理,可以消除乳腺癌患者抑郁、焦虑等情绪,减轻心理负担,保持良好心理、社会功能,提高生活质量。

Objective：In order to understand the psychological problems of the breast cancer postoperative convalescence,to formulate the feasible psychological nursing countermeasures,and improve the survival quality. Method：The study, of 128 patients with breast cancer in postoperative rehabilitation period as the research object, bring to Mental health questionnaire and Questionnaire survey designed by Professor Huang Duoxiang, measure their psychological state. Direct at their psychological state,give psychological intervention,and compare their psychological state before and after psychological intervention at the same time. Results：The main psychological reaction of breast cancer patients,anxiety（80.5%）,dysphoria（47.7%）, pessimism（64.8%）. After psychological intervention, the points of breast cancer patients with depression, anxiety, hypochondria, neurasthenia were significantly lower than before, all of which have significant differences through the t-test. Conclusion：Complete psychological nursing with breast cancer patients in postoperative convalescence, can eliminate their depression, anxiety and other negative emotions, reduce their psychological burden, keep a good psychological and social function, improve their quality of life.