金心也门铁开花因子研究

Study on flowering factors of Draceana arborea

为了探索导致金心也门铁开花的关键性因子,研究了低温、光周期、激素和营养水平对金心也门铁花芽分化的影响.结果表明,温度是导致金心也门铁开花的主要因子.金心也门铁接受“低温→高温→再低温”两次低温过程,只要在5℃低温下持续5d,可诱导100％的植株开花;如果不经过低温处理或仅接受1次低温过程,即使在5℃低温下持续30 d,植株也不会开花.诱导金心也门铁开花最敏感的低温为5℃,时间为5～7 d.研究结果还表明,高P、K营养促进植株开花,提高N、降低P、K营养水平可防止植株开花;高光照（8000 lx以上）促进植株开花,低光照（3 000 lx以下）可防止植株提早开花.研究发现,光周期和4种激素（6-BA、NAA、GA3和Eth.）均对金心也门铁开花没有影响.

To investigate the effect of crucial influencing factors on Draceana arborea flowering including low temperature, photoperiod, hormones and nutrition levels. The results showed that temperature was the main factor of D. arborea flowering. D. arborea flowering was 100% successfully induced by 5℃ for 5 d in low temperature-~high temperature→low temperature treatment process orderly. However, if there was no or only one low temperature treatment, D. arborea didn＇t flower even in 5℃ for 30 d. The most sensitive temperature D. arborea flowering was 5℃ for 5-7 d. High phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was effective in improving D. arborea flowering. Improving nitrogen, and reducing phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could prevent seedling flowering early. High light （above 8 000 lx） improved flowering and low light（below 3 000 lx） prevented flowering in advance. Photoperiod and four hormones （6-BA,NAA, GA3,Eth.） had no effects on D. arborea flowering.