1980-2012年韶关市疟疾流行病学特征分析

Epidemic Characteristics of Malaria in Shaoguan City,1980-2012

目的总结分析广东省韶关市1980—2012年疟疾流行特点，为韶关市2014年消除疟疾提供参考依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法，对韶关市1980—2012年疟疾防治总结和中国疾病预防控制中心疾病监测信息报告管理系统的疟疾疫情报告进行分析。结果1980—2012年韶关市累计共报告疟疾病例3094例，其中，间日疟3041例，输人性恶性疟4例，未分型49例；年平均报告疟疾病例94例，年平均疟疾发病率2．78／10万。其中1982年报告疟疾发病最多为651例，年发病率最高为14．13／10万；2006—2011年仅2008年报告1例疟疾病例，其余5年均没有病例报告。1980—2012年，5—11月份报告疟疾病例2625例，占总病例数的84．84％（2625／3094）。男女性别比为4．34：1。在报告疟疾病例3094例中，发病年龄主集中在20～45岁年龄组，共报告疟疾病例2486例，占总病例数的80．34％。1980—2012年，全市共血检475337人次，检出疟原虫阳性2127例次，平均阳性率为0．45％。1980—1994年，居民原虫率调查，共血检31139人次，检出阳性474例次，阳性率1．52％。结论韶关市1980—2012年疟疾发病逐年下降，20～45岁年龄组是疟疾的好发年龄组；近几年疟疾病例均为输入性病例，疫情平稳。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of malaria in Shaoguan city from 1980 to 2012, and to provide references for the elimination of malaria in the city. Methods Epidemic data during 1980 to 2012 were collected from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of ma- laria cases. Results A total of 3094 malaria cases were reported from 1980 to 2012 in Shaoguan, with an an- nual average incidence of 2. 78/105 and an annual average case number of 94. There were 3041 cases of Vivax malaria, 4 cases of Falciparum malaria and 49 eases of identified malaria. The most malaria cases were reported in 1982 with a total of 651 cases and incidence of 14. 13/05. During 2006 -2011, only one case was reported in 2008. During May to November, totally 2625 cases were reported and accounted for 84.84% of the 3094 cases. The ratio of male to female cases was 4.34 ： 1. The age distribution concentrated mainly in 20 -45 years old, with 2486 cases and accounted for 80.34% of the total cases. During 1980 to 2012 in Shaoguan city, a total of 47 533 persons received blood examination and 2127 were found as Plasmodium positive, with a positive rate of 0. 45%. During 1980 to 1994, 31 139 persons received blood examination and 474 were found as Plasmodium positive, with a positive rate of 1.52%. Conclusion The number of malaria cases in Shaoguan decreased year after year during 1980 to 2012. Twenty to forty -five is the vulnerable onset age interval. For recent years, the malaria eases are all imported and the epidemic status is stable.