和谐矿区建设形势分析与政策选择

Situation Analysis and Policy Choices in relation to Building Harmonious Mining Areas

和谐矿区建设形成政府和市场协同推进的局面,部分地区积极探索,建立资源节约集约的调节机制和环境治理恢复的补偿机制;各地大胆创新,不断探索完善矿产开发利益共享机制;部门联动,探索建立矛盾化解机制;各地激励为主、约束为辅的政策,极大地调动了基层政府和矿山企业的积极性。但和谐矿区建设受矿业经济形势影响存在短期行为,缺乏顶层制度设计和国家层面政策激励引导,而丰富和谐矿区建设的市场抓手需要转变观念和配套政策相结合。建议搞好和谐矿区建设顶层设计,加快出台相关政策文件;建立试点单位创建平台,以市场手段推进和谐矿区建设,更好地发挥政府作用;建立和谐矿区建设长效机制,避免资源诅咒经济,打造矿区经济"升级版"。

This paper points out that in China, at present, the situation that the government and the market have boosted with concerted efforts to furthering initiatives in promoting harmonious mining areas progress has been formed. In some regions, regulatory mechanisms regarding intensive economical use of resources as well as compensation mechanism for improvement and restoration of environment have been established in an active fashion. Bold innovation has been made in various regions, and mineral development benefit sharing mechanism has been improved on an ongoing basis. At the same time, the mechanism for resolving contradictions has been built through departmental interaction. As a result, the policy that places incentive first, constraint second has greatly aroused the enthusiasm of the grassroots government and mining enterprises. However, in light of the effect of the situation of mining economy, there is short-term behavior in promoting harmonious mining areas, lack of top-level system design as well as incentives and guidance of national policy. This paper argues that we must change our ideas and establish supporting policies catering for enriching harmonious mining areas progress. In doing so, we must devote our efforts on top-level design, accelerate the introduction of the relevant policies, create platform for pilot unit. At the same time, we should promote harmonious mining areas progress through market means, give full play to the functions of the government. In addition, we should establish a long-term mechanism for the construction of harmonious mining area, avoid resource curse, and build an upgrade mining economy.