纤维素纳米粒子增强聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合材料的制备和性能

Preparation and Performance of Cellulose Nanoparticles-Reinforced Polymethylmethacrylate Composites

以微晶纤维素为原料,通过质量分数为48%和64%的两种硫酸进行化学预处理,经高压均质制备纤维素纳米粒子CNP-48和CNP-64,并以这两种纳米粒子为增强材料采用溶剂置换和溶液重铸法制备CNP/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)复合材料。宏观形貌分析结果表明,即使CNP-64的添加量为20%,CNP/PMMA-64-20薄膜材料也表现出良好的光学透光性。傅立叶变换红外光谱数据表明,PMMA与CNP复合良好。广角X射线衍射数据表明,随着CNP添加量的增加,复合材料的结晶度提高,CNP/PMMA-48-15和CNP/PMMA-48-20的结晶度分别增加到20.8%和26.8%,具有显著的增强效果。差示扫描量热数据表明,在PMMA中加入CNP,使CNP/PMMA-48-20和CNP/PMMA-64-20复合材料的玻璃化转变温度分别升高10℃和20℃左右,明显提高了复合材料的热稳定性能。

Cellulose nanoparticles （CNP） were prepared from microcrystalline cellulose with two content levels of sulfuric acid （48% and 64% ） by high-pressure homogenization. The produced CNP was designated as CNP-48 and CNP-64, respec- tively. CNP-reinforced polymethylmethacrylate （PMMA） composite films at various CNP loadings were fabricated using solvent exchange and solution casting methods. By morphology analysis, CNP/PMMA-64 composites have a significantly higher optical transparency when CNP loading is as high as 20%. By Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, CNP and PMMA are composited well. By wide angle X-ray diffraction, crystallization index of CNP/PMMA-48-15 and CNP/PMMA- 48-20 increase to 20.8% and 26.8% , respectively. Therefore, there is significant reinforcement from CNP. Form differ- ential scanning calorimetry data, by adding CNP to PMMA, the glass transition temperatures of CNP/PMMA-48-20 and CNP/PMMA-64-20 increase by 10℃ and 20℃, respectively. The thermal stability of CNP-reinforced composite materials can be highly improved.