基于预期变更的不平衡报价模型研究

Unbalanced Biding Model Based on Anticipated Variation

我国现行的清单报价采用"量价分离"原则,在单价合同中,发包商承担工程量调整的风险,承包商承受价格变动的风险,并且我国现行的相关法律、法规并未对不平衡报价行为有针对性地限制以及约束条款,这就为不平衡报价策略的实现提供了可能。因此,承包商基于预期变更利用不平衡报价创收是个很重要的方法。Seek-Evaluation-Design-Analyze(SEDA)模型用以解决承包商采用不平衡报价方式实现创收的技术问题,该模型通过机会点识别、机会点评价、报价方案设计、实现机理分析4个步骤确定不平衡报价的实现途径,为承包商实现创收提供了有效的工具和手段。

The principle of ＂quantity and price separation＂ is adopted in China＇s current engineering quantity list quotation. In theunit price contract, the employer is to assume the risk of quantity adjustment, and the contractor has to bear the risk of price variation.Moreover, China＇s relevant laws and regulations on unbalanced bids have not yet offered clear and effective restrictions andadjustment provisions, which provides possibility for the generation of unbalanced bids. It is because of this situation, using theunbalanced bidding, which is based on anticipated changes, offers a very important way of improving the contractors＇ economicbenefit. Seek-evaluation-design-analyze （SEDA） model is used to solve the technical problems of adopting unbalanced bidding toachieve contractors＇ income. The model offers four steps： opportunity point identifying-opportunity point evaluating-bidding schemedesign-implementation mechanism analysis to determine the realization of unbalanced bids.