创新推广免费婚检政策干预出生缺陷的实效研究

Study on the actual effect of innovation and extension of free premarital medical examination on intervening birth defects

目的探讨浙江实行优生“两免”政策在预防出生缺陷中的效果。方法：采取整群分层抽样进行回顾性统计分析以及文献资料分析等调查方法，对2009—2013年浙江实行优生“两免”政策以来该省的婚前保健状况及干预资源利用服务可及性研究。结果：婚前医学检查等一级预防出生缺陷技术的采纳率显著增高，分别从2008年的19．09％提高到2013年的93．43％；对影响出生缺陷的重大危险因素进行有效干预。结论：创新推广优生“两免”政策对降低出生缺陷发生风险具有较大的临床意义，实现以比较少的投入减少出生缺陷和先天残疾儿的发生和出生，减少对个人、家庭和国家带来的负担和损失。

Objective To explore the effect of eugenic ＂ Two -free＂ policy on prevention of birth defects in Zhejiang province.Methods： Retrospectively statistical analysis and literature analysis were conducted to research premarital health care conditions and utilization service of intervention resource in Zhejiang province after conducting ＂Two - free＂ policy from 2009 to 2013 by stratified cluster sampling method. Results： The adoption rate of primary prevention techniques of birth defects such as premarital medical examination significantly increased from 19.09% in 2008 to 93.43% in 2013, the vital risk factors of birth defects were intervened effectively. Conclusion：Innovating and extending ＂Two - free＂ policy has big clinical significance in reducing the risk of birth defects, which realizes the goal of reducing occurrence and birth of neonates with birth defects and congenital deformities with less inputs, reduce the burden and loss of individuals, families and the country.