关苍术的开花动态和花蕊形态及花粉活力研究

Reseach on Flowering Dynamic,Flower Morphology and Pollen Viability of Atractylodes japonica

以关苍术为试材，通过挂牌调查、扫描电镜观察及花粉培养等方法，研究了关苍术开花动态、花蕊形态及花粉活力。结果表明：关苍术单株花序的开放顺序是自上而下，花序为由外至内，雌花花期为12-14d，两性花花期为14～17d；关苍术花粉最长轴为57．95±2．44Mm，属于大孢粉，花粉粒形态指数为1．19，属于长球形；检测花粉活力的染色法中以联苯胺一过氧化氢染色为最好，适宜的花粉培养条件为蔗糖浓度15％、培养温度25℃、培养时间4h，此条件下花粉萌发率达80．4％。

Taking Atractylodes japonica as material, the flowering dynamics of rhizoma atractylodis, flower morphology and pollen viability were studied by listing survey, scanning electron microscope and the methods of pollen culture. The results showed that the opening sequence of a single plant inflorescence of Atractylodes japonica was from top to bottom,inflorescence inside was from outside to inside,the florescence of female flower was 12-14 d,the florescence of bisexual flower was 14-17 d;the pollen longest axis of Atractylodes japonica was 57. 95±2.44 μm and was the large pollen,pollen morphology index was 1. 19 and was the long ball shape;Benzidine-hydrogen peroxide staining method was the best for staining of pollen viability detection. The most suitable pollen culture conditions was when sucrose concentration was 15%, culture temperature was 25℃, culture time was 4 h, the pollen germination rate of rhizoma atractylodis was 80. 4% under this condition.