自我抽离视角对自我参照记忆效应的影响

Impacts of Self-distanced Perspective on Self-reference Effect in Memory

目的:考察自我抽离视角的自我信息加工方式对自我参照记忆效应的影响。方法:研究包括两个实验,分别以36名和30名健康大学生为被试,都采用自我参照实验范式,以240个特质形容词作为实验材料,考察不同自我参照加工条件下被试的自我参照记忆效应水平。结果:两个实验均证实,经典自我参照加工条件下的再认率和R值显著高于自我抽离视角参照加工条件下的再认率和R值。结论:相对于经典自我参照加工,自我抽离视角的参照加工降低了自我参照记忆效应水平,自我参照记忆效应的出现可能与自我相关情绪的卷入有关。

Objective To investigate the effect of two types of self-distanced processing on the self-referential memory.Methods： 66 healthy college students were recruited（36 and 30 college students in Experimentl and 2, respectively）. Ex-perimentl was consisted of two parts. In part one, three orienting tasks were arranged： classic self-referential processing,self-referential processing in self-distanced perspective, and other（Wenjiabao）-referential processing. During each task,participants were asked to make judgment in a scale of 2 points on the current reference object using the trait words displayed one by one on the computer screen（2 sec/word）. In part 2, a surprise recognition test ,sith Remember/Know judsmentwas administered. Experiment 2 was a replication of Experimentl with a minor modification on self-judgment in self-distanced perspective. Results： Results from two experiments consistently showed that recognition rates and R scores were sig-nificantly higher when trait words were encoded in classic self-referential processing than that for trait words processed inself-distanced perspective. Conclusion： The results suggested that self-referential processing in self-distanced perspec-tive reduced self-reference effect in memory. Different types of self-referential perspective appears to subserve distinct con-tributory processes inherent to self-appraisal decisions, specifically self-distanced perspective mediated cognitive and self-immersed perspective mediated affective/self-relevance network. Based on the results of the present study, self-referenceeffect in memory might be induced by self-related emotion during self-referential processing.