不同文化程度戒烟方法的初步研究

The Preliminary Research on the Different Cultural Degree Method to Quit Smoking

目的：探讨有效的戒烟方法，提高戒烟成功率，降低吸烟相关疾病的发生率。方法将2011年5月～2012年8月吸烟的住院患者，同意配合戒烟行动的616例列入研究对象，均为男性，年龄45～65岁，平均55．2岁，按文化程度分为小学文化以下（低）、中学和中专文化（中）、大专以上（高）三组。每组人员都随机采用A（尼古丁贴片加心理行为干预） B（尼古丁贴片加心理性为干预加戒烟日志） C（心理行为干预加戒烟日志）三种戒烟方法，进行严格的跟踪和督导，对实验结果进行统计分析。结果入组616例，其中文化程度低着失访2例，文化程度高者失访1例，余613例资料完整。文化程度低者成功戒烟51例，3组方法间差异有显著性（ P＜0．005）；中等文化程度者成功戒烟77例，3组方法间无显著差异（ P＞0．05）；文化程度高者成功戒烟88例，3组方法间差异有显著性（ P＜0．005）。结论对不同文化程度吸烟患者进行不同方法的联合戒烟干预措施，可明显提高吸烟者的戒烟成功率。对文化程度低的给予专业的心理行为干预加药物治疗尼古丁贴片比较重要，对于高文化组戒烟者，专业的心理行为干预加戒烟日志效果更佳，药物作用不大。对于文化程度中等者，尼古丁贴片和戒烟日志没有明显差异。纵向分析无论文化程度高低，B戒烟法是最有效的戒烟方法。但对于文化程度高者戒烟日志起着举足轻重的作用，如能得到良好配合可不应用药物替代疗法。

Objective Explore the effective method to give up smoking , improve the success rate of smoking , to re-duce the incidence of smoking related diseases .Methods Our choice of internal system in May 2011 to August 2012 hospitalized patients with smoking , Agree to cooperate with us to give up smoking action of 616 cases in the study object , aged 45 to 65 years of age , an average of 55.2 years old, According to the degree of culture can be divided into primary school culture the following （low）, middle school and technical secondary school culture （middle）, college degree or a-bove （ high） three groups.Each group were randomly using A （ nicotine patches and psychological behavior intervention ） B （ nicotine patches and heart reason for intervention and quit smoking log ） C （ psychological behavior intervention and quit smoking log ） three quit smoking method , carries on the strict tracking and supervision , the experimental results were statistically analyzed.Results Into the group 616 examples, the low degree of culture with lost to follow -up in 2 cases, cultural degree high lost to follow -up 1 cases, more than 613 cases of complete data.The lower cultural degree quit smoking 51 cases, 3 groups between methods （P〈0.005）;Medium culture quit smoking during 77 cases, 3 were no significant differences between group method （P〉0.05）; Cultural degree high quit smoking in 88 cases, 3 groups between method （P〈0.005）.Conclusions To different cultural degree smoking patients with the combination of differ-ent methods give up smoking intervention measures , can obviously improve the success rate of smokers to quit smoking . Low degree of culture give professional psychological behavior intervention and drug therapy ： nicotine is important , for high the former smokers , professional psychological behavior intervention and quit smoking log better effect , drug effect is not big.For cultural degree medium person , nicotine and quit smoking log no obvious difference .Vertical analysis whether cultural degree , B quit smoking method is the most effective method to give up smoking .But for cultural degree high quit smoking log plays a pivotal role , such as can get good fit don′t using drugs replacement therapy .