‘库尔勒香梨’微繁生根培养基大量元素优化方法的比较

Comparison Study of the Methods for Optimizing Macroelement Content of Rooting Medium for Micropropagation of Pyrus sinkiangensis cv.Korla Fragrant Plantlet

以‘库尔勒香梨’(Pyrus sinkiangensis cv.Korla Fragrant)为研究材料,分析了‘库尔勒香梨’试管苗完整植株、田间植株新梢顶部未展开叶片与嫩茎、田间植株新梢叶片3种材料N、P、K、Ca、Mg 5种元素含量,采用Morard提出的调配方法折算试管苗植株5种元素含量折算得到M系列培养基,同时用Gonalves提出的方法对田间植株新梢茎叶、田间植株新梢叶片元素含量得到G系列培养基,对比分析了3种材料、2种调配方法所得8种培养基离子成分含量与试管苗生根效果。结果表明:M、G系列培养基NH+4、总NO-3、PO3-4含量差异较大;以新梢茎叶为基础的G1处理,生根率为92.7%,显著高于M系列配方,试管苗茎叶生长质量也具优势。G系列配方中G1生根率显著高于以新梢叶片为材料的G2处理。以‘库尔勒香梨’田间植株新梢茎叶为材料,按照Gonalves提出的方法,分析N、P、K、Ca、Mg 5种元素含量,调配微繁生根培养基大量元素含量,效果良好。

Taking Pyrus sinkiangensis cv. Korla Fragrant as research object, the contents of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg that contained in 3 different materials were measured. The materials included the whole test-tube plantlet, shoot tips of the seedling in the field （including tender stems and unfolding leaves）, and leaves of new tips in the field. Based on the methods put forward by Morard and Goncalves, M-series and G-series medium formulations were obtained for seedling propagation. Significant differences were found in the con- tents of [NH4＋], total [NO3-], and [PO4^3-] between G and M series media. When the shoots collected from the field were cultured in medium G1, the rooting rate was 92.7 %, significantly higher than those cultured in M series media, and the seedlings cultured by G1 also had advantages in the quality. Among Gseries media, the rooting rate of the shoots cultured in G1 was higher than that in G2. It was concluded that best results could be achieved after following the method proposed by Goncalves to measure the contents of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg to optimize the ratios of the 5 elements in rooting media of P. sinkiangensis cv. Korla Fragrant.