吗啡类药物不良反应的临床观察

Clinical observation of adverse reactions of morphine-like drugs

目的:观察吗啡类药物应用的不良反应,以提高临床用药的安全性。方法:通过观察接受吗啡类药物治疗的晚期重度癌痛患者,记录治疗中出现的不良反应。结果:不良反应中以便秘的发生率最高,占63%,恶心呕吐35%,嗜睡、过度镇静5%,眩晕7%,排尿困难3%,精神错乱和神经系统反应3%,瘙痒1%,呼吸抑制0.15%,无成瘾性。结论:对癌痛患者合理应用吗啡类药物是比较安全的。

Objective：To investigate the adverse reactions of morphine-like drugs in order to ensure the safety of clinical medi-cine. Methods：The adverse reactions were recorded in advanced patients with severe pain receiving morphine-like drugs. Results：The results showed that constipation had a highest incidence in the adverse reactions,accounting for 63% ,followed by nausea and vomiting 35% ,dizziness 7% ,drowsiness excessive sedation 5% ,difficulty urinating 3% ,insanity and nervous system reactions 3% , itching 1% ,respiratory depression 0. 15% ,and non-addiction. Conclusions：It′s safer to reasonable use morphine-like drugs in the cancer patients with pain.