试谈汉语综合课教材的练习设置

Discussion on the Practice Design of Chinese Comprehensive Textbooks

汉语综合课作为汉语学习者的一门基础、必修的主干课程,旨在教授学习者汉语语言知识及中华文化知识,同时,还肩负着全面提高学生听、说、读、写等语言技能的重任。能力的生成必须通过知识的不断记忆、理解、运用内化为自有的信息,而这知识的储存、再加工、输出的过程就是练习的过程,练习是语言习得的最佳途径。李杨(1993)曾说:"看一部教材编得好不好,除了看语料的选择、整体框架安排之外,主要看练习的编排。"因此,教材中的练习设置尤为重要。本文在观察了国内几本主流汉语综合课教材的练习设置之后,尝试建立一个练习设置的评价指标体系表,并对表中每项指标做了详细解释,以期对汉语综合课教材的练习设置作出一些有价值的参考。

Chinese comprehensive course works as a fundamental and compulsory course of all the Chinese learners, aimed at not only teaching learners the knowledge of Chinese language and Chinese culture, but also improving learners＇ language skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. However, the generation of learners＇ ability must rely that they memorize, understand and utilize knowledge constantly in order to become their own infor-mation. And the process of knowledge storage, processing and outputting exactly is the process of practice. Practice is the best way to language acquisition. Li Yang （1993） once said,＂to evalu-ate a textbook, basically see the practice arrangement, in addition to the choice of the corpus and the overall framework＂. Therefore, the practice design in the textbooks is particularly important. In this paper,the writer tries to establish a set of evaluation system table of the practice design after observing several domestic mainstream Chinese comprehensive textbooks, and makes a de-tailed explanation for every item in the table. Finally, the writer hopes to get some valuable thinking for the practice design in the Chinese comprehensive textbooks through this paper.