基础教育阶段在线课程的实践合理性研究——基于慕课(MOOC)热潮的思考

Study of the Practical Rationality of Online Courses in the Period of Basic Education——Thinking Based on the MOOC Fever

以慕课(MOOC)为代表的在线课程以崭新的教学模式、显著的发展优势以及对现代教育教学模式的冲击迅速在全世界掀起了热潮。一轮教育的反思正在深化。从实践合理性的角度看,在线课程在实践探索中仍然存在着一些困难和瓶颈,如技术指导、实践探索与理论反思的反差,局部推进和整体提升的缺憾,工具理性和价值理性统一的距离,合目的性和合规律性一致的难度等。正确看待这次教育的变革和探索,应关注以下几方面:相对的正确性是实践合理性的内涵要求,借鉴和创新的活动生成是实践的主要途径,努力避免目的实现追求中价值性的弱化,审慎推进在线课程在基础教育阶段的应用。

Online courses represented by MOOC have been on the rise around the world by virtue of their brand-new teaching models, remarkable superiority in development and the shock to the contemporary teaching pattern. And reflection on education is deepening. From the perspective of practical rationality, there still exist some difficulties and choke points in the practical exploration of online courses, such as the contrast of technological guidance, practical exploration and theo- retical reflection, the deficiency of regional promotion and overall enhancement, the distance between instrumental rational- ity and value rationality, and the difficulty in the unity of regularity and purposefulness. To have a correct view of this reform and exploration in education, one should focus on the following aspects： the practical rationality demands relative correct- ness at the level of connotation; reference and creative activities are the main approaches to practice; weakening of value in the pursuit of purpose ought to be avoided with great efforts; and the application of online courses in the period of basic ed- ucation needs to be promoted cautiously.