北仑河口附近海域冬季海洋环境质量评价

Winter Marine Environment Quality Assessment around the Beilun Estuary

【目的】调查和评价广西北仑河口近岸海域的污染状况。【方法】2011年11月从广西北仑河口附近海域在大潮期采集20个海水样品和10个表层沉积物样品,在小潮期采集17个海水样品,分别测定海水中13种元素和沉积物中10种元素的含量,采用单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法对海水及表层沉积物污染特征进行分析和评价。【结果】在大潮期,该海域中海水平均单项污染程度依次为铅>锌>汞>溶解氧>化学耗氧量>无机氮>pH>铜>油类>镉>无机磷>砷>总铬;小潮期海域中海水平均单项污染程度依次为无机磷>无机氮>油类>溶解氧>pH>化学耗氧量>锌>汞>铅>铜>镉>砷>铬;表层沉积物中平均单向污染指数大小顺利分别为石油类>铅>镉>硫化物>有机碳>锌>铜>砷>汞>铬,均达到国家一类沉积物标准,主要污染物为石油类、铅、镉。【结论】广西北仑河口近岸海域海水在大潮期处于较清洁状态,在小潮期处于轻污染状态,沉积物质量环境状况良好。

[Objective]The survey and assessment on the environmental pollution situation in the coastal waters of Beilun estuary were studied in this paper. [Methods]In November 2011, 20 seawater samples and 10 surface sediments samples were collected from the sea near Bei- lun estuary, Guangxi during spring tide acquisition, and 17 seawater samples were collected in neap tide. The content in seawater and sediments was determined. The pollution status of seawater and surface sediments were studied by the index technique of single factor and Nencrow index. [Results] Results showed that the seawater sequence of single factor index was Pb 〉Zn〉 Hg〉 DO〉 COD〉 DIN〉 pH 〉 Cu〉 Oils 〉Cd〉P〉As〉Cr in spring tide and P〉DIN〉 Oils〉DO〉pH）Pb〉 Zn〉 Hg）COD） Cu〉Cd 〉As〉Cr in neap tide. The surface sediments sequence of single factor index was Oils〉Pb〉 Cd〉S〉TOC〉Zn〉Cu〉As〉Hg）Cr. The average content of single factor index was less than one and was in the range of first grade sediments quality of china. The major pollution was Olis and Pb and Cd. [Conclusion]The Nemerow index of seawater state was comparatively clean in spring tide and light pollution in neap tide. The surface sediments was clean.