基于图谱分析钦州市市辖区湿地动态变化

Research on Wetland Change in Qinzhou Municipal Districts Based on Tupu Analysis

【目的】研究钦州市市辖区湿地动态变化情况，探明湿地变化速度和原因，为地学信息图谱在湿地动态变化研究提供典型案例和实证。【方法】根据钦州市市辖区1990年、2000年和2010年的TM遥感影像，采用人工解译法和谱间关系法提取钦州市市辖区湿地类型空间分布信息，并应用地学信息图谱分析方法进行湿地动态变化分析。【结果】（1）1990～2010年钦州市市辖区河流、湖泊水库面积分别减少958．52hm^2、1718．93hm，主要转变为非湿地、虾塘；（2）1990-2010年虾塘面积增加4557．87hm^2，主要由非湿地、河流等类型转入；（3）1990～2000年红树林面积增加468．51hm^2，主要由非湿地、河流转入，2000～2010年面积减少104．67hm^2，主要转变为非湿地、虾塘；（4）1990～2000年水田面积增加1506．98hm^2，2000-2010年面积减少1226．89hm^2。【结论】钦州市市辖区湿地保护的比较好，呈增长趋势。

[Objective]The wetland dynamic change in Qinzhou municipal districts was studied, and the reason and speed of change were investigated, in order to provide typical case and demonstration for wetland dynamic change by the methods of Geo-information Tupu. [Methods]Based on TM remote sensing image of Qinzhou municipal districts in 1990, 2000, 2010, spatial distribution maps was extracted by spectrum-photometric method and manual interpretation method. Then, the methods of Geo-information Tupu was used to analyze the wetland dynamic change.[Results]（1）From 1990 to 2010, river, lakes and reservoirs, respectively, reduced 958.52 hectares and 1718.93 hectares, mainly transferred to non-wetland and shrimp ponds. （2） From 1990 to 2010, shrimp ponds increased 4557.87 hectares, mainly from non-wetland and river. （3） From 1990 to 2000, mangrove area increased 468.51 hectares, mainly from wet-land and river. From 2000 to 2010 mangrove area reduced 104.67 hectares, mainly transferred to non-wetland and shrimp ponds. （4） From 1990 to 2000 paddy field increased 1506.98 hectares. From 2000 to 2010 paddy field reduced 1226. 89 hectares. [Conclusion] The protection in wetland of Qinzhou municipal districts is effective and the wetland area shows a growing trend.