不同饵料对云斑尖塘鳢幼鱼摄食生长和消化的影响

Effect of Different Diets on the Feeding,Growth and Digestion of Juvenile Oxyeleotris marmoratus

以初始体重(1.08±0.04)g的云斑尖塘鳢(Oxyeleotris marmoratus)幼鱼为实验对象,进行为期8周的摄食生长实验,研究不同饵料(虾肉、鱼肉、杂色蛤肉和水蚯蚓)对云斑尖塘鳢幼鱼的摄食生长、体成分和消化酶活性的影响。每个处理设4个重复,每个缸内随机放养20尾幼鱼。结果表明:水蚯蚓组的增重率、特定生长率、饵料效率和蛋白质效率均显著高于其他饵料组(P<0.05),鱼肉组显著低于其他饵料组(P<0.05)。水蚯蚓组的粗蛋白含量显著高于其他饵料组,而鱼肉组最低,虾肉组和杂色蛤肉组差异不显著(P>0.05),水蚯蚓组的粗脂肪含量显著高于其他饵料组(P<0.05),但灰分含量显著低于其他饵料组(P<0.05);胃蛋白酶活力为水蚯蚓组>虾肉组和杂色蛤肉组>鱼肉组(P<0.05),各组的脂肪酶和淀粉酶活力差异不大(P>0.05)。研究表明,水蚯蚓是云斑尖塘鳢幼鱼的最佳饵料,而实际生产中最常使用的鱼肉效果最差。

A 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different diets （freshwater shrimp, grass carp, ruditapes variegate and tubificidae） on the growth performance, body composition and digestive enzyme activity of juvenile Oxyeleotris marmoratus. Each diet was randomly allocated to four treatments, 20 fish each which were fed twice a day to apparent satiation. The results showed that the weight growth rate （WGR）, specific growth rate （SGR）, feed efficiency ratio （FER） and protein efficiency ratio （PER） of the fish fed tubificidae were significantly higher （P〈0.05） than other groups, and the fish fed grass carp were significantly lower （P〈0.05） than other groups. Crude protein content of the fish fed tubificidae was significantly higher （P〈0.05） than other groups and the crude protein of fish fed grass carp was the lowest. However, no significant difference was found between the fish fed freshwater shrimp and ruditapes variegate. Crude lipid content of the fish fed tubificidae was significantly higher （P〈0. 05） than other groups, but ash content was significantly lower （P〈0.05） than other groups. Pepsin activity of the fish fed tubificidae was significantly higher than other groups, and the fish fed grass carp was significantly lower than other groups. No significant difference of lipase and amylase activity was observed in the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, tubificidae is fairly better than other three kinds of diets for juvenile oxyeleotris marmoratus, while the fish which has been widely used was the worst.