几种石油烃对斑马鱼的急性毒性效应研究

Acute Toxic Effect of Some Petroleum Hydrocarbons on Brachydanio rerio

以斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)为受试生物,采用半静态实验法,考察了苯、甲苯、萘、菲和原油的水生生态毒性效应。研究表明,苯、甲苯、萘、菲和原油对斑马鱼的96h半致死浓度(Half lethal concentration,LC50)分别为49.24、75.17、33.95、36.71和59.71mg·L-1。根据鱼类毒性分级标准,5种试剂均属于中毒物质,毒性大小顺序为萘>菲>苯>原油>甲苯。在试验过程中中毒个体均出现身体失衡,无序游动,侧游仰游等症状。经过进一步的毒性机理分析得出,各物质的组成和分子结构不同,导致其在生物体内的转运和转化过程不尽相同,毒性大小各异。

Aquatic ecotoxicological effects of benzene,toluene,naphthalene, phenanthrene and crude oil on Brachydanio rerio were investigated using the semi-static bioassay. The results showed that the 96 h half lethal concentration （LC50） values of the five chemicals on Brachydanio rerio were 49.24,75.17, 33.95,36.71 and 59.71 mg· L^-1 , respectively. According to the toxicity grading criteria of fish, the toxicity of the five chemicals should be at the middle toxic level. The toxicity was in the sequence of naphthalene〉phenanthrene〉benzene〉toluene〉crude oil. During the course of an experiment,poisoned individuals had some abnormal behavior including imbalance, random swimming and so on. The further analysis of the toxic mechanism showed that different ingredients and molecular structures had an effect on biological transport and transformation processes.