CO_2捕集技术研究

Research Progress of Carbon Dioxide Capture Technology

指出了CO2浓度与温室效应之间的关系,CO2捕集是有效的解决方案之一。常用的捕集方法有:溶剂吸收法、富氧燃烧法、空气捕集、膜分离法、变压吸附(PSA)法等。分析比较了各种捕集方法的优缺点:溶剂吸收法吸收剂易被分解且再生能耗高,对设备腐蚀大;富氧燃烧法在制备氧气时能耗高,只能去除可燃性杂质;从空气中捕集CO2,浓度较低空气洗涤器规格过大,焙烧CaCO3时能耗高;膜分离法对原料气的要求较高;变压吸附法需要2次加压,能耗高,运行成本大。提出了CO2捕集技术的发展方向与建议。

This article reveals the relationship between the concentration of CO2 and air temperature, and points out that carbon dioxide capture and storage is one of the effective solutions. The commonly used methods of CO2 capture include solvent absorption, oxygen-rich combustion, capturing CO2 from ambient air, membrane separation and pressure swing adsorption, etc. The article makes a comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of these capture methods. The results show that the absorbent is easily decomposed and the equipment is corroded by the alkaline absorbent; the method of oxygen-rich combustion can only remove combustible impurities, and the operating costs during the preparation of oxygen are expensive; in the process of roasting calcium carbonate need high energy efficiency, and the air scrubbers are very large; raw gas of membrane separation has highly purity; pressure swing adsorption needs high pressure, energy consumption and operating costs. At last, the article presents the development direction of carbon dioxide capture technology.