心肌桥与冠状动脉硬化及其危险因素的关系研究

Study for the risk factors of the patients with myocardial bridges in addition to coronary atherosclerosis

目的分析冠状动脉心肌桥冠脉造影结果,研究心肌桥合并冠状动脉粥样硬化及其与冠状动脉粥样硬化危险因素的关系。方法回顾性分析3682例冠状动脉造影检出的282例心肌桥的冠状动脉造影结果。根据冠状动脉造影结果是否合并冠状动脉粥样硬化狭窄分为2组:不合并冠状动脉粥样硬化心肌桥组(单纯心肌桥组)132例;合并冠状动脉粥样硬化心肌桥组150例。对比2组患者心血管危险因素。结果 3682例冠状动脉造影检出心肌桥282例,男性189例,女性93例。心肌桥检出率7.65%。男性心肌桥检出率为7.74%,女性心肌桥检出率为7.50%,男女检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。280例为前降支肌桥。单纯心肌桥组与合并冠状动脉粥样硬化心肌桥组患者性别、肥胖、高血压比较,差异无统计学意义。合并冠状动脉粥样硬化心肌桥组,高龄、吸烟史、家族史、高血脂、高血糖是其危险因素;与单纯心肌桥比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论冠状动脉心肌桥好发于前降支。高龄、吸烟、家族史、高血脂、高血糖与冠脉心肌桥合并冠状动脉粥样硬化有关;而性别、肥胖、高血压与心肌桥合并冠状动脉粥样硬化狭窄的关系不显著。

Objective To explore the coronary angiography results of myocardial bridge （MB） and the risk factors of myo- cardial bridge in addition to coronary atherosclerosis. Methods 282 cases were identified to have myocardial bridge after retrospective analysis of 3682 cases was taken coronary angiography. Based on the findings on coronary angiography, the patients were subdivided into two groups： patients had myocardial bridges only（ simple MB group）（ n = 132） and MB in addition to coronary atherosclerosis group（ n = 150）. We compared the two groups in cardiovascular risk factors. Results 282 cases of patients with MB were detected by coronary angiography in 3682 patiens, male 189 cases, female 93 cases. The positive rate of MB detected by coronary angiography was 7.65% ,male 7.74% ,female 7.50%. There was no signifi- cant differences between male and female （P 〉 0.05 ）. 280 cases were observed in the anterior descending coronary artery in 282 cases of patients with MB. There was no significant difference between two groups in gerder, obesity and hyperten- sives. Compared with simply myocardial bridge group, the MB in addition to coronary atherosclerosis group had obvious differerce in eld, smoking history, family history, high cholesterol,level of blood glucose （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; these were risk factors of MB in addition to coronary atherosclerosis. Conclusion Myocardial bridge was often found in anterior descending. There was no difference in the detection ratios between males and females. Eld, smoking history,family history, high cholesterol and level of blood glucose had closely associated with MB in addition to coronary atherosclerosis, but there was no significant correlation between atherosclerosis superimposed on MB in gerder, obesity and hypertensives.