作为“道德基础”的理性如何规范道德——康德“实践理性”德性论解析与重构

The Ways to the Reason as the Basis of Morality Standardizes Ethics—The Analysis and Reconstruction of Kant's Virtue Theory

"理性"作为道德的基础,源于亚里士多德。亚里士多德认为:德性是选择,要靠理性把握和决定。然而,经历了十几个世纪的变易,"理性"的光芒逐渐虚渺。而到康德,"理性"作为现代性的一种特征,成为康德整个德性论的根基。而对康德的德性观的某种回归为探寻理性何以重新规范道德提供了启示,也进一步重现了康德道德哲学对现实的指导意义。

As the foundation of morality, reason started from Aristotle. Aristotle thought that virtue was the choice which was decided and determined by reason. However, after the dozens of centuries, the rays of reason become gradually dim. Reason Eis the characteristic of modernity becomes the basis of Kant＇ s virtue theory. The return of Kant＇ s virtue theory inspires people ＇ s exploration of the ways to how the reason set standards for ethics, and the theory further embodies its guiding significance to the reality.