论20世纪种族隔离的工会制度对南非社会稳定的影响

The Impact of the Apartheid Trade Unionism on South African Social Stability in 20th Century

根据工业化引发的社会力量变动,南非人百年来不断调整工会制度以化解劳资矛盾维护社会稳定。白人政府用种族主义方式转化了劳资矛盾,拒绝承认黑人工会合法性以便削弱黑人劳动力的议价能力,通过高压实现了社会暂时稳定。随着生产力发展和黑人日益觉醒,黑人工会的绝对力量和组织能力都大为增强,最终推翻了种族隔离的工会制度。黑人工会参与国家政治生活,用协商方式解决劳资矛盾,南非在新的基础上实现社会稳定。

According to changes of social structure caused by industrialization, South Africa constantly adjusted the trade union system to resolve the contradiction between labor and capital so as to achieve social stability. The white government disallowed the legitimacy of African trade union in order to weaken the bargaining power of the African labor and achieved the social stability temporarily by means of high pressure. With the development of productivity and African increasing consciousness, the number and organizing capacity of Afri- can trade union were greatly enhanced, which ultimately overthrew the Apartheid Trade Unionism. African trade union took part in national political life and resolved the contradiction between labor and capital by nego- tiation. South Africa achieved social stability under the new circumstance.