论土地承包经营权转让中的发包方同意

Client's Consent in Transfer of Land Contract and Management Rights

发包方同意作为限制土地承包经营权转让的法定条件,其存在的合理性备受争议。但无论是"废除说"还是"保留说"均单纯聚焦于立法的政策倾向以及该制度与现行法律体系的关系,并没有利用现有理论和制度资源实现问题的终局性解决。在"公示要件主义"的物权变动模式下,发包方同意事实上发挥了权利变动的公示作用,可以将其视为土地承包经营权变动的公示方式和生效要件。依循这一解释路径,发包方同意的法定条件和程序规则设计应当符合物权变动公示方式的法定性及形式性。但发包方同意属于合同履行环节的问题,其效力仅限于控制权利变动,并不影响转让合同的效力。

It is a hot debated topic whether client's consent is legitimized as the limitation of transfer of land contract and management rights.But either the'repeal saying'or'keep saying'merely focuses on legislation and policy orientation of the system,instead of using current theories and system resources to achieve final resolvence.In the'essentials doctrine of publicity'mode,client's agreement in fact plays a role in transfer of property rights of publicity,which can be considered as publicity and the effective essences for the transfers of land contract,management rights.According to this interpretation,the designs of statutory conditions and rules of procedures of client's consents shall comply with the publicity and formality of the publicity models of property transfer.However,the issue of client's agreements stands in the stages of contract execution,and its effectiveness is only limited to property transfers,which does not affect the validity of the contract.