拉鲁湿地自然保护区有壳肉足虫物种多样性与空间分布特征

Species diversity and spatial distribution of testate amoeba in the National Nature Reserve of Lhalu wetland,Lhasa

2009年7月~2011年7月,用定点随机采样、非淹没培养皿法和活体观察法,对拉鲁湿地自然保护区有壳肉足虫物种多样性和空间分布特征进行了研究。共鉴定到有壳肉足虫61种（包括7个未定名种）,隶属于3纲3目11科17属。其中表壳目44种,占有壳肉足虫物种总数的72.13%,为优势类群;网足目16种,占26.23%,为次优势类群;单室目1种,占有壳肉足虫总数的1.63%,为罕见类群。优势种类仅为盘状匣壳虫（Centropyxis discoides）。结果表明：拉鲁湿地有壳肉足虫群落结构较为复杂,各样点有壳肉足虫的物种相似性系数在0.44~0.70之间,为中等相似,有壳肉足虫群落特征区域差异性不明显;多样性指数在2.40~5.42之间,多样性指数具有明显的差异性。

Species diversity and spatial variations during July 2009 to July 2011of testate amoeba was studied inLhalu Wetland and randomly sampling, non-flooded petri dish and directly observation（in vivo） methods wereapplied. A total of 61 species（including 7 uncertain species） of testate amoeba were identified belonging to 17genera, 11 families, 3 orders, 3 classes. Amongst, 44 species of arcellinida accounting for 72.13% of the total tes-tate amoeba found in the study area was the dominant group; 16 species of gromiida accounting for 26.23% of thetotal was the subdominant group; only one species（1.63%） of monothalamia found in the study area was occasion-al group. Centropyxis discoides was the only dominant species. The results showed that the community structureof testate amoeba in the wetland was relatively complex. The species similarity index of testate amoeba from dif-ferent sampling sites in the wetland ranging between 0.44 and 0.70 implied that the spatial variations of testateamoeba was insignificant. However, diversity index, range between 2.40 and 5.42, suggested a significant spatialvariability in diversity of testate amoeba in the study area.