中国经济发展的新动力

The New Impetus of China's Economic Development

改革开放以来,对外源型技术和要素投入的过度依赖在创造"中国奇迹"的同时,也造成了科技与经济的"两张皮"。在从制造经济向创新经济的转型过程中,以新知识创造及其商业化为导向的创新型创业活动及其组织和制度创新,是推动中国经济结构性变革及可持续发展新的动力来源和实现机制。对新的动力来源和实现机制的理论概括和总结,是制定和实施创新驱动发展战略的前提和基础。与经济发展的创新驱动相适应,组织变革的重心是从生产网络向创新网络的演化,制度变革的重心则是从优化投资环境向构建创新创业环境的转变。作为社会主义市场经济体制改革和发展的方向,要形成在科技创新资源的配置中市场起决定作用和政府增进市场的新机制和规则体系。

Since the reform and opening up, China＇s economy has been depending excessively on exogenous inputs of technol- ogy and essential factors. On the one hand, it creates ＂Chinese miracle＂, on the other hand, there is a technological and eco- nomic ＂mismatch phenomenon.＂ In the transition process from the manufacturing economy to the innnvation economy, the in- novation-oriented entrepreneurial activity and its organizational and institutional innovation, aiming at creation and commer- cialization of new knowledge, are the new power sources and implementation mechanisms to promote structural changes and sustainable development of China＇s economy. The theoretical summaries and conclusions of the new power sources and mecha- nisms are the prerequisite and basis for the formulation and implementation of innovation-driven development strategy. In nrder to adapt innovation-oriented economic development, the focus is on the evolution of organizational change from the production network to the innovation network, while the emphasis of institutional changes is to make a shift from optimizing investment en- vironment to building innovation-oriented entrepreneurial environment. As the direction of the socialist market economic refnrm and development, it should be formed that the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources of science and technology innovation, and the government promotes new market mechanisms and rules system.