摘要
现代汉语的"有所X"式、"无所X"式由古代汉语的"有所V"式、"无所V"式发展而来。早期的"有所V"式中的"有所"是个跨层邻近序列,随着时间的推移,它逐渐趋向词汇化,正演变成一个对肯定表达进行弱化处理的专用词语。从句法上看,"有所"后接成分突破了动词的限制,可以接形容词,甚或名词。"无所V"式中的"无所"在动词的选择方面也有放宽。"无所"有限的接名词的用法可能是"有所"类推的结果,其理据不同于"有所"的同类用法。文章在共时考察的基础上,重点从历时角度对"有所V"式和"无所V"式的发展脉络及演变理据进行了系统的梳理与分析。研究表明,"有所V"式和"无所V"式发展演变的不同有其内在的语言动因。
It has been found that the constructions 'yousuo(有所) V' and 'wusuo(无所) V' are commonly used in the ancient Chinese documents and literatures.With the time passing by,what follows the adjacent sequence'yousuo' has developed into adjectives,even nouns,in addition to verbs in Contemporary Chinese,which is the result of the ongoing lexicalization of 'yousuo' whose function is to weaken the force of the affirmation.Compared with 'yousuo',the sequence 'wusuo' did not change similarly.A further discussion on the usages and motivations of the related syntactic phenomena of the constructions 'yousuo X' and 'wusuo X' is given from synchronic and diachronic perspectives.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第4期304-316,383,共13页
Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词
有所
无所
构式
句法演变
词汇化
弱化肯定
yousuo(有所)
wusuo(无所)
construction
syntactic change
lexicalization
weakening mood of affirmation
