改革开放以来我国社会阶层流动轨迹及趋势

Social Class Flow and Its Trend in Our Country Since the Reform and Opening up

改革开放以来,无论是职业视角下的传统职业阶层和新兴职业阶层,还是社会地位视角下的强势阶层、弱势阶层和中间阶层,都在频繁地流动。从职业视角看,主要由公有制领域流向非公有制领域,由第一产业流向第二、第三产业;未来一个时期,有的职业阶层将缩小乃至消失,有的职业阶层还将继续扩张。从社会地位视角看,阶层流动既存在阶层成员在不同地位阶层间和同一地位阶层内的个体性流动,也存在着阶层整体的地位流动;未来一个时期,弱势阶层和中间阶层成员的水平流动将是社会流动的主流,强势阶层与弱势阶层间的社会地位差距也会越来越大。

Since China＇s reform and opening up, social classes,whether they are examined from the perspective of profession or from the perspective of social status, have been flowing frequently. From theperspective of profession,the flow is mainly from the public ownership to the nonpublic ownership andfrom the primary industry to the second and third industry. Some professions will shrink and even disap-pear,while some will expand continuously within certain periods in the future. From the perspective ofsocial status,the flow is mainly within different classes or the same class,or in the form of flow of theentire class. Within certain periods in the future, the flow of the weak and middle classes will become themain trend, and the gap between the mighty class and the weak class will become larger and larger.