我国公立高校教育经费投入差异化模式的构建

Construction of Differentiation Model of Educational Investment in Chinese Public Colleges

高等教育经费短缺一直是人们普遍关注的话题。比较国外公立高校教育经费投入模式可以发现,不同国家的投入模式有所不同,同一国家的公立高校投入模式也有所差异。而我国无论是计划体制下的"一元化"模式还是市场经济下的"二元化"模式,不同地区、不同类别高校的经费投入模式都未能体现差异性。为了从根本上解决我国公立高校教育经费不足问题,本文从高校所属类别的视角,提出不同类型高校教育经费应采用不同的投入模式,即中央部属高校可沿用现有的中央投入为主、家庭或个人投入为辅的模式,省属高校可采用政府、家庭或个人、企业、社会共同投入的"多元化"模式,市属高校可采用以民间投入为主的模式。

The shortage of higher education funds has been the topic of widespread concern. Compared with public education investment model of foreign universities, it finds that different countries have different investment models, and investment models of public universities in the same country also vary. But in China, whether economic system is ＂unified＂ mode under the planning system or ＂duality＂ model under the market economy, different types of universities in different regions fail to reflect different investment models. In order to fundamentally solve the shortage of public funding of higher education, this article puts forward that different types of colleges and universities should adopt different educational investment modes from the perspective of category of colleges and universities. Namely, the central authorities subordinated colleges and universities can follow the existing model with central authorities mainly investing and family or personal investment supplementing; provincial universities can take diversified mode of co-investment with governments, families or individuals, enterprises and society; municipal colleges and universities can adopt a model of private investment as the mainstay.