反拱水垫塘底板检修时板块位移的试验研究

An Experimental Study on the Plate Displacement during Maintenance of the Anti- arched Water Cushion Bottom Plate

按照重力相似准则,设计包括水垫塘、扬压力水箱,拱圈试验段在内的试验模型。对反拱水垫塘在检修时,键槽和直缝的两种底板块接触形式的板块位移分别进行试验研究。研究表明,两种接触方式下,承受扬压力的底板块必然上升,带动相邻的底板块上升,使拱圈形成局部拱或全拱;位移最大处的缝隙为张,其它缝隙则有张有合;在承受扬压力的底板块中,扬压力大的底板块位移最大或次之;相邻两底板块均受扬压力作用,则任一底板块在靠近扬压力大的底板块那一端位移要大;与拱端相邻的底板块,由于受到拱端约束,位移最小。经过对拱圈底板两种接触方案比较,两者底板位移的变化规律是完全相同的,数量级也是一致的,但位移量稍有差别。研究成果可为水垫塘底板结构型式的选择和设计提供参考。

Following gravity similarity criterion , this study builds a test model consisted of a water cushion pool , an uplift pres-sure tank and an arch test section .Based on the model , experiments about the plate displacement of bottom plates connecting in keyway and straight are taken during the maintenance .Results reveal that bottom plates subjected to the uplift pressure rise and ad-jacent bottom plates rise accordingly , which forms a partial or full arch water cushion pool .The maximal displacement forms an open gap while displacements in other size form open or close gap .The bottom plate with biggest pressure will have the biggest displace-ment.For bottom plates adjacent the uplift pressure bearing plate , the closest one has a bigger displacement .The bottom plate neighbor adjacent to the ends of the arch has smallest displacement .The comparison between displacements of two kinds of bottom plate indicates that variations and the order of magnitude of displacement are identical .The study could be used as a reference for the design of bottom plates of a water cushion pool .