农村贫困、收入不平等与城镇化关系的实证研究——基于2000—2012年省际面板数据

Empirical Study on the Relationship Between Rural Poverty,Inequality and Urbanization:Based on Provincial Panel Data from 2000 to 2012

城镇化进程对经济和社会产生了巨大影响。通过计算中国省际层面2000—2012年城镇化率、农村贫困发生率和农村基尼系数,利用面板数据固定效应模型,研究中国农村贫困、农村不平等和城镇化的关系。研究发现:农村贫困发生率随着城镇化率提高而下降,城镇化率每提高1%,农村贫困发生率会降低2.87%;农村收入不平等随城镇化水平提高呈弱倒U型变化。同时,不同地区城镇化对农村贫困、农村收入不平等的影响也呈现不同趋势。在未来城镇化战略中,实施农村减贫政策时应兼顾调整收入分配政策,降低农村收入不平等。

Urbanization and rural development are the key issues in China . By calculating the urbanization rate , rural poverty headcount ratio and rural Gini index from the 2000 -2012 at Chinese provincial level ,this paper uses fixed-effect model to study the relationship between rural poverty ,rural inequality and urbanization .The results show that the rural poverty headcount ratio decreases with the increased urbanization on the whole ,while the rural inequality shows ＂weak inverted U＂ type with the increased urbanization .Urbanization affects rural poverty headcount ratio and rural Gini index ,but the results are different in different regions , therefore , in the future implementation of the strategy of urbanization ,the income distribution should be adjusted with the rural poverty reduction to reduce the inequality within rural areas .