河南烟草连作状况调查及连作障碍解决对策研究

Investigation of tobacco succession cropping obstacle and the possible solutions in Henan province

河南烤烟连作以4～5年为主。烤烟连作后病虫害加重,烟叶产量和品质下降等问题比较严重。目前研究认为烤烟连作障碍主要因为连作烟田矿质养分、微生物种类和数量、土壤中酶活性及自毒作用等方面发生了恶性变化,加重了烟草生产中病虫害发生,阻碍了烟株的生长发育。文章通过对目前河南烟区连作情况的调查,并结合已有的研究,从连作烟田消毒、种植模式、施肥模式、微生物菌剂修复等方面探讨了缓解乃至解决烟草连作障碍问题的措施。

Generally flue-cured tobacco is planted continuously for 4-5 years in Henan province. With succession cropping, the diseases and pests increase in flue-cured tobacco, and decrease the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Current researches considered the continuous cropping obstacle is mainly due to the malignant changes in the aspects of mineral nutrients, type and quantity of microorganisms, soil enzyme activity and in tobacco fields, which aggravated plant diseases and pests in tobacco production and affected the growth of flue-cured tobacco. Based on the investigation of current situation of Henan tobacco planting areas and combining with the existing researches, the paper discussed the measures to relieve and solve the continuous cropping obstacle from the aspects of disinfection of tobacco fields, planting mode, fertilizing, microbial agents repairing etc.