广州市番禺区学龄儿童身高、体重、血压现况分析

Analysis of the status of height, weight, blood pressure of school-age children from Guangzhou Panyu district

目的：通过对学龄儿童身高、体重、体质指数（BMI）、血压数据进行统计与分析，了解广州市番禺区学龄儿童生长发育、血压现况，为儿童保健、预防儿童高血压和儿童血压参照标准的建立提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法从广州市番禺区小学抽取6～12周岁的儿童3972例，进行身高、体重、血压测量，并计算BMI。结果广州市番禺区学龄儿童身高增长速度没有达到全国标准；体重增长速度男童未达标，女童则超标；女童体型较全国标准胖。学龄儿童血压呈近似正态分布，血压随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势，同年龄段的男童血压高于女童。男童收缩压除6岁时低于全国标准外，其余均高于全国标准；舒张压则相反，除了9岁时高于全国标准外，其余均低于全国标准；女童收缩压9岁前低于全国标准，9岁后高于全国标准；舒张压除9岁时与全国标准吻合，其余均低于全国标准。结论广州市番禺区学龄儿童体质仍有待提高；广州市番禺区高血压标准与全国标准存在差别。

Objective In an attempt to improve child-care and provide reliable data for the diagnosis and evaluation of Childhood hypertension, we carried out a pilot study on the status quo of schoolchildren＆#39;s BMI and bloodpressure of Guangzhou Panyu District. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, extract 6-12 age schoolchildren from Guangzhou Panyu totally 3 972 cases, includes height, weight, blood pressure, and BMI. Results It was observed that Guangzhou Panyu District＆#39;s schoolchildren height growth rate was not meet the national standard. Boys＆#39; wight growth rate not up to standard while girls＆#39; excess weigh.Schoolchildren＆#39;s blood pressure was similar to normal distribution, and blood pressure increase with age, while boys＆#39; blood pressure was higher than girls＆#39; in the same age. Boys＆#39;s systolic pressure were higher than the national standard except the 6-year-olds was lower than that, conversely, Boys＆#39; diastolic pressure were below the national standar except the 9-year-olds was higher than it. Meanwhile, Girls’s systolic pressure were higher than the national standard in 6 to 8 years old, and lower than the standard after 9. Girls＆#39; diastolic pressure was lower than the national standard except the 9-year-old-girls＆#39; met the national standar. Conclusion The data shows the need for improving child-care and there is difference of Childhood hypertension between Guangzhou Panyu District with the national standard.