十堰市某国有企业员工肾结石流行病学调查及其影响因素

Epidemiological investigation on renal calculus and analysis on influencing factors among employees in a state-owned enterprise of Shiyan City

目的研究肾结石的发生和性别,年龄,左、右、双肾及8种因素的关系。方法用描述流行病学方法分析十堰市某国有企业2012年健康检查的3 361名已做B超和抽血检查的员工资料。结果肾结石患病率为26.7%,男女患病率分别为30.1%和19.6%,随年龄增加肾结石患病率而上升。男女双肾结石患病率最高,右肾最低,男女双、左、右肾结石患病呈3∶2∶1下阶梯式分布。随着体重指数、甘油三酯、尿素氮、尿酸、血糖和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(BMI和TG、BUN、UA、GLU、LDL-C)生化指标的逐步升高,肾结石患病率逐渐上升,但随着高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)逐步上升,肾结石患病率逐渐下降。结论 BMI和TG、BUN、UA、GLU、LDL-C增加,是肾结石的危险因素,HDL-C增加对肾结石有抑制作用。

[ Objective ] To study the relationship between the incidence of renal calculus and gender, age, left kidney, right kid- ney, double kidneys, as well as other eight factors. [ Methods ] A descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the data of 3 361 employees in a state-owned enterprise of Shiyan City, who have received the physical examination [ including B-ultrasound and blood tcst）. [ Results ] The prevalence rate of renal calculus was 26.7 %, and that in males and females was 30.1% and 19.6% respectively. The prevalence rate increased with age. The prevalence rate of bilateral renal calculi in males and females was the highest, while the prevalence rate of right kidney was the lowest. The prevalence rate of double kidneys, left kidney and right kidney in males and females showed 3：2：1 ladder-type decreasing distribution. The prevalence rate of renal calculus gradually increased with the increasing of some biochemical indicators, including BMI, TG, BUN, UA, GLU and LDL-C. However, the prevalence rate of renal calculus gradually decreased with increasing of HDL-C. [ Conclusion] The increase of BMI, TG, BUN, UA, GLU and LDL-C are the risk factors for renal calculus, but the increase of HDL-C showed inhibition against renal calculus.