194例甲基苯丙胺滥用者卡特尔16项人格特征分析

194 cases of methamphetamine abusers Cattell 16 Personality Characteristics

目的:探讨甲基苯丙胺("冰毒")滥用人员的人格特征。方法:使用卡特尔16项人格因素问卷(16PF),对194例冰毒滥用人员进行测查。结果:被调查者男性居多,为134例(69.07%)。平均年龄34.1a±s7.5a。以初中文化程度为主,共149例(76.80%)。职业以无业者居多,为178例(91.75%)。滥用的毒品以冰毒为主,但该群体中还有部分人员滥用其他毒品,如海洛因,氯胺酮("K粉")等。滥用冰毒人员在乐群性,聪慧性,恃强性,兴奋性,敢为性,敏感性,怀疑性,幻想性,世故性,忧虑性,独立性和紧张性等均显著低于中国常模,而有恒性和实验性则显著高于常模。男性滥用者在乐群性,敏感性,独立性和自律性等均显著低于女性滥用者。结论:冰毒滥用人员有其特异的人格特征,其人格明显偏离正常,男女之间存在差异。在对该人群进行脱毒治疗,管理教育,心理康复时,应充分考虑到其特异的人格特征,做到有的放矢,加强沟通和交流,做好健康教育和心理辅导,提高该群体对药物滥用的阈值,防止或减少吸毒行为的反复发生,降低复吸率。

Objective： To investigate methamphetamine （＂ ice＂） abuse personality traits personnel. Methods： Questionnaire Cattell 16 Personality Factor （16PF） on 194 cases of methamphetamine abuse testing personnel investigation. Results： Respondents males for 134 cases （69.07%）. The average age 34. 1a ± s7.5a. In junior high school education based, total 149 cases （76.80%）. Career mostly with unemployed for 178 cases （91.75%）. Drug abuse in methamphetamine-based, but there are some people in the population abuse other drugs, such as heroin, ketamine （＂K powder＂） and so on. Methamphetamine abuse in gregarious person, intelligence, aggressiveness, excitability, boldness, sensitivity, vigilance, fantasy, sophistication, anxiety, independence, tension and other aspects are often lower than China mold, and perseverance, experimental higher than the norm, in which intelligent sex, dare, anxiety, tension four significantly lower than the norm. And perseverance, experimental significantly higher than the norm. Men are the gre- garious, sensitivity, independence, self-discipline were significantly lower than the investigators surveyed women officers. Conclusion： Meth abuse staff has its specific personality characteristics, which significantly deviate from the normal personality, there are differ- ences between men and women. Detoxification treatment in this population, management education, while psychological rehabilitation, should fully take into account their specific personality characteristics, be targeted to strengthen communication and exchanges, good health education and counseling to improve the population of drug abuse threshold value, to prevent or reduce the occurrence of repeated drug taking, reduce relapse rate.