肿瘤酸性微环境的研究进展

Process in the Research of Acidic Microenvironments and Tumor Metastasis

研究表明,肿瘤转移是恶性肿瘤的临床治疗失败的根本原因。肿瘤转移不仅取决于肿瘤细胞自身的特性,还涉及其与肿瘤酸性微环境之间的相互作用。肿瘤微环境构成非常复杂,可促进肿瘤的增生、转移、侵袭,以及逃避宿主免疫监视和治疗耐药性。肿瘤细胞的生存依赖于在酸性微环境条件下的适应,肿瘤细胞可以通过一些离子交换体维持酸性微环境,缺氧的肿瘤组织酸化可以释放蛋白酶如纤维蛋白酶及MMPs降解细胞外基质、上调VEGF基因表达促进肿瘤新生血管生成等促进肿瘤侵袭转移。近年来,影响肿瘤微环境的因素已经成为癌症研究领域中的新兴话题。

The study showed that tumor metastasis is the root cause of failure in the clinical treatment. Nevertheless, Tumor metastasis, not only depends on the characteristics of the tumor cells themselves, but also relates to the interaction between the tumor cells and their acidic microenvironment. The tumor microenvironment （TME） consists of tumor cells that can promote neoplastic transformation, support tumor growth and invasion, protect the tumor from host immunity, foster therapeutic resistance. Tumor cell survival relies upon adaptation to the acidic conditions of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor cells through some ion permutoid such as NHE and VHA maintain acid microenvironment. This effects of hypoxic and acidic exposure through the action of proteinase such as plasmin or MMPs, as well as up-expression of VEGF gene increase the invasive and metastatic efficiency. In recent years, its cellular and molecular components, and how they can affect neoplastic progression, has become an emerging topic in cancer research.