敬神与娱人:论巫傩仪式的演示性叙述特征

Worship and Entertainment:Narrative Features of Performativity in Nuo Ceremony

"演示类叙述"这一叙述门类,即用身体、事物等作符号媒介的叙述,是人类最古老的叙述方式。它具有"展示""即兴""观者参与""非特制媒介"等特点。而人所特有的一种符号活动——巫傩仪式,本就带有表演性、即时性、叙述性等特征。进言之,它不仅是一类独具地域性、民族性风格质地的演示性符号文本,同时也体现出与演示性叙述各型(表演、竞技、游戏等)之间的衍化关系。

As a kind of narrative categories, performativity narration is one of the oldest human narrative way, which useing signs such as the body and so on to tell or show a story. It include many special features： ＂showing ＂, ＂improvision＂, ＂audience participation＂ and ＂non-special media＂ etc. However, the Nuo ceremony, a unique human activity of signs, also contains the special features in performativity narration. In another words, it is not only a kind of performativity text which has its unique regional style and national style, but also demonstrates the derivative relationship between performances, sports, games and so on.