运用籼粳特异分子标记划分杂交稻亲本群及杂种优势模式初探

Division of the hybrid rice parent group using the Indica-Japonica specific markers to study the pattern of heterosis

以80份杂交籼稻亲本和部分新育成品系为试验材料,采用24对籼粳特异性分子标记对其进行材料间遗传多态性的划分,计算各材料间遗传距离,并以此为依据,通过UPGMA法进行相关聚类分析。结果表明:按遗传距离值的大小可将试验材料划分为5个大群、12个亚群和28个组群,大面积生产上主要应用的亲本80%以上(保持系、恢复系)均聚集在第Ⅰ大群内,分类结果和系谱分析基本吻合。结合杂交稻育种实践,群间优势普遍大于群内优势,表明利用籼粳特异分子标记在一定程度上区分杂交亲本优势群可行。

With 80 hybrid indica cultivars and some new breeding strains as the experimental materials, using 24 indica-japonica specific molecular markers between the genetic polymorphisms of the division and calculating the genetic distance among different materials, clustering analysis by UPGMA method was carried out on this basis. The results showed that the genetic distance （GD） of the size of the test materials can be divided into five main groups of twelve sub- group, and twenty-eight groups, the large group mainly used in the production of more than 80~ of the parents （maintainer line, restorer） gathered at the first I group. The classification results and the pedigree analysis were similar. And the heterosis between the group was generally greater than that in the same group based on breeding practice, which indicated that use of indica-japonica specific molecular markers in a certain extent to distinguish the heterosis of parent group was feasible.