扬州国际马拉松（半程）赛伤及影响因素的调查分析

Investigation on the factors of injuries in Yangzhou International Marathon

目的了解扬州国际马拉松（半程）赛伤病的发生情况及影响因素。方法收集扬州市自2009。2013年期间举办的（第4-8届）国际马拉松（半程）赛事中发生“伤病”患者（运动损伤、虚脱、昏迷、其它）共479例，分别对这些伤病的发病率、发生的赛段、伤病种类、当日气温等进行分析。结果伤病的发生率与赛段、比赛日的气候条件等因素有相关性。不同赛段的发病存在差异性（Х^2=277．233，P〈0．001）；16—19km赛段伤病发生率明显高于其他赛段，P〈0．02；当天平均气温低于摄氏20度时，重症（昏迷、虚脱等）患者明显减少，P〈0．01。结论半程马拉松赛中发生伤病的疾病谱（运动损伤、虚脱、昏迷、其他）；发生率及重症比例与赛段、气候条件有明显相关性，P〈0．05。建议采取相应对策。

Objective Explore and analyze the injuries occurred in Yangzhou International Marathon and the relevant factors. Methods 479 injured cases which occurred in the events in between 2009 and 2014 were categorized as athletic injury, prostration, unconsciousness, and other. An analysis was conducted on the following four areas-the incidence, stages of the race, types of injuries, as well as the temperature of the day. Results The incidence of injuries is related to stages of the race, temperature of the day and other factors. The analysis indicated that the circumstance differentiates on various stages （Х^2=277.233, P 〈0.001）; the injuries occured more frequently in the stage of 16-19 km than other stages （P 〈 0.02）. The number of critical patients who suffered from prostration and unconsciousness reduced significantly when the average temperature of the day was lower than 20 degree Celsius （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The types of injuries and frequency and proportion of critical cases are correlated significantly with the stages of the race and the temperature of the day （P 〈 0.05）. It suggests a correlative responding medical service to such events.