电感位移传感器结构特性研究

Characteristic optimization of structural for inductive displacement sensors

在电感位移传感器设计中，电感传感器内线圈与磁芯的结构特性是影响传感器性能的关键因素。为提高传感器检测性能，根据毕奥-沙伐尔定律建立了传感器内线圈与磁芯模型，利用有限元分析软件建立了相应结构模型。通过分析线圈与磁芯各项参数变化以及线圈与磁芯存在安装与加工误差的情况，得到了各参数变化以及安装与加工误差对传感器测量性能的影响，以此对线圈和磁芯进行了优化。研究结果表明，当线圈长度与磁芯长度的比值在1．45～1．6之间时，传感器能获得较大的电感相对变化量；线圈长度、磁芯长度与磁芯半径的变化对线性度的影响不明显，线性度在0．5％附近，磁芯安装偏心与倾斜对传感器性能影响较小，可忽略不计；电感相对变化量会随着磁芯锥度的增大而减小。

Aim at the design of inductive displacement sensor, structural characteristic of coil and core is the key factor affecting the sensor performance. In order to improve the detection performance of the sensor, a model of the sensor coil and core was established based on Biot-Savart Law, corresponding model was constructed by finite element software. And then, by analyzing the situation of the changing parameters of the coil and core or the installation and processing errors, the relationship information between measurement performance with varying parameters and installation and processing errors was obtained. The relationship can be used to optimize the sensor. The results indicate that when the ratio of the coil length and the length of the core between 1.4-5 to 1.6, sensor can get a better relative change of inductance. Linearity is insensitive to the varying of the coil length and core length and radius. It is around at 0.5%, installation eccentric and inclined of the core has little effect on the sensor performance. Relative change of inductance will decrease with increasing of the core taper.