绵阳市某地区农村留守妇女幸福感、安全感和心理健康状况的相关分析

Study the sense of happinessthe sense of security and the mental health problems of the rural remaining women who are in the Mianyang city

目的：研究绵阳市某地区农村留守妇女的幸福感,安全感与心理健康的现状,探讨它们之间的关系和影响因素。方法采用分层随机取样法,于2013年12月-2014年1月抽取绵阳市某周边县市的187名农村留守妇女,进行总体幸福感量表（GWB）、安全感-不安全感问卷（S-I）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）问卷调查。结果①61.7%的妇女报告存在不安全感；②主观幸福感得分与常模比较差异有统计学意义（t=38.813,P〈0.05）；③SCL-90中躯体化、抑郁、焦虑三个维度得分与常模比较差异有统计学意义（t=2.30-8.45,P〈0.05）。④主观幸福感对心理健康状况具有一定的预测关系（β=0.326,t=4.36,P〈0.05）。结论绵阳市某地区农村留守妇女的主观幸福感状况较好,但半数以上缺乏安全感,主要存在“躯体化”、“抑郁”和“焦虑”心理问题；主观幸福感可能对心理健康状况具有一定的预测作用。

Objective Our goal is to study the sense of happiness、the sense of security and the mental health problems of the rural remaining women who are in the Mianyang city,and discuss the relationship between them and the influence.Methods we take are general well-being scale （GWB）,“a sense of security - insecurity questionnaire”and symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90）.We also use random sampling principle,in 2013 December to 2014 January,187 rural women left behind on the surround-ing counties and cities in Mianyang city were investigated by questionnaire.Results ① total of 6 1 .7% of the western rural left behind women report insecurity;② the women left in the subj ective well-being are different remarkably between score and norm （t=38.813）;③women sample only in somatization and left behind （t=8.45）,depression （t=2.39）,anxiety （t=2. 30）three dimensions and often die has statistical significance.④The subjective well-being has predictive relations for mental health （β=0.326,t=4.36,α=0.05）.Conclusion the western rural left behind women＆#39;s subjective well-being is better,but more than half of the people lack a sense of security,while the overall mental health status was good,but still need to pay at-tention to some factors causing the anxiety and depression.