基于GIS的耕地地力等级划分研究

Gradation of the cropland productivity based on GIS technique

文中对基于GIS技术的耕地地力等级划分的过程和方法进行了研究和讨论。以赤峰市松山区为研究区,以该区耕地地力调查项目取得的数据、土地利用现状图、区划图、土壤图为基础数据,选取了气象因素、立地条件、耕层理化、土壤管理等4个方面17个影响因子,在GIS技术的支持下,利用模糊数学法建立耕地地力等级划分模型,对该区耕地地力进行了定量化的分析和划分,结果为研究区耕地地力划分为5个等级,明确了不同等级耕地的面积、空间分布格局。通过实例研究表明,应用GIS强大的数据处理和分析功能比传统方法更快速有效,等级划分结果更具综合性、客观性、直观性和科学性。同时建立运用GIS技术开展耕地地力等级划分的一种自动化、定量化和可视化的一套有效工作方法和技术流程,对推动耕地资源的合理配置,提高耕地的保护与管理,促进农业结构调整和农业的可持续发展具有重要的实际意义。

In this paper, based on the GIS technology, process and methods of gradation of the cropland productivity were studied and discussed. Songshan District of Chifeng was chosen as the research area, the assessment of cropland productivity in Songshan District of Chifeng City was conducted based on GIS combined with fuzzy mathematic. In the study, data of cropland productivity survey project was collected from the field, the land - use map, regional map, and soil map also were collected and treated using GIS. In this research seventh affected factors from four aspects were selected, the cropland productivity was evaluated. The results showed that cropland in Songshan District of Chifeng City could be classified into five grades. The research has achieve quantitative evaluation on cropland productivity level in Songshan District of Chifeng City, and has verified the area of cropland of different level and the space distributing pattern. The case study shows that the application of powerful data processing and analysis function of GIS is more simple and effective than traditional methods, the grading results more comprehensive, objective and scientific. At the same time using GIS technology to gradation of the cropland productivity is an automated, quantitative, visual and effective working method and technology process. So this research can provide important scientific and practical significance for promoting rational allocation of land resources, improving the management and promoting sustainable development of the agricultural structure adjustment.