妊娠母猪膘情对其繁殖性能的影响

Fat Mass:Effects on Reproductive Performance of Pregnant Sows

本研究旨在探讨妊娠期母猪膘情对窝产活仔数、初生窝重、胎盘效率和断奶窝重的影响。本试验以长白母猪为对象对98头经产母猪分娩前的背膘进行测定，根据背膘厚度分为厚（21~27 mm）、适中（16~20 mm）、薄（10~15 mm）3组。同时记录母猪分娩后窝产活仔数、初生窝重、胎盘重以及21 d仔猪断奶重。胎盘效率为初生窝重与胎盘重的比值。结果表明：背膘厚度适中组的窝产活仔数显著高于背膘厚度薄组和厚组（P0.05）。由此可知，妊娠期母猪膘情适中可改善窝产活仔数和初生窝重，所以通过营养调控改善过肥过瘦的不良体况尤为重要。

In this study, we determined the effects of fat mass in pregnant sows on litter live size, birth litter weight, placental efficiency, and weaning litter weight. A total of 98 gestational sows from Yorkshire×Landrace hybrid were grouped into high backfat thickness （21 to 27 mm）, medium backfat thickness （16 to 20 mm） and low backfat thickness （10 to 15 mm）, respectively, according to the measurement of back skinfold thickness before delivery. The litter live size, birth litter weight, placental weight and weaning weight at 21 d were measured after childbearing. Also, placental efficiency was calculated by the ratio of birth litter weight to placental weight. We found that litter live size in medium backfat thickness sows was significantly increased compared with that in low and high backfat thickness sows （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the increase of backfat thickness in pregnant sows significantly reduced birth litter weight and placental efficiency （P〈0.05）. However, weaning litter weight was not significantly influenced by adipose deposition in pregnancy. Taken together, these data demonstrate that adequate fat mass during pregnancy can promote litter live size, birth litter weight and placental efficiency in sows, so improving thinner and fatter mass condition through nutritional regulation is particularly important.