土壤养分系统研究法的改进及应用

The Studies on the improvement of soil fertility systematic approach and application

针对土壤养分系统研究法盆栽试验中以高粱作指示植物的非普遍性及其供肥方式的特殊性 ,本研究在应用土壤养分状况系统研究法的化学分析和吸附实验结果的基础上 ,对盆栽指示作物及供肥方式进行了改进 ,以期进一步简化原方法的操作步骤和提高盆栽试验结果的应用性。试验较系统的研究了四川省简阳市棕紫泥土的养分丰缺状况及供肥能力。结果表明 ,棕紫泥土壤上玉米生产的养分主要限制因子是氮、磷 ,次为钾 ,锌和锰可能是潜在养分限制因素。利用玉米做盆栽指示作物和习惯供肥方法比用高粱做盆栽指示作物更能准确反映田间种植玉米时土壤养分的实际情况。建议在应用系统研究法时 ,盆栽试验最好采用与大田一致的作物 ,且用习惯供肥方式更好。

Systematic approach has been widely used in China for soil fertility studies to identify soil nutrient limiting factors and to serve fertilizer recommendations over past ten years.The indicator plant-sorghum and the method of nutrient supply used in greenhouse experiment,however,has drown some concerns,for different plants vary considerably in nutrient demand and use efficiency and the way of nutirient supply in systematic approach totally differs from common fertilizer practice.Therefore,this study was to examine whether or not the method could be improved in these two aspects.The experiment was conducted by using sorghum against corn as indicator plants grown on brown purple soil by supplying nutrients following the systematic approach on sorghum against the common practice on corn.The results showed that corn was a better indicator plant than sorghum when the field crop in test was corn and the common way of fertilization proved to be simpler,more efficient and reliable.It suggests that the indicator plant used in the greenhouse experiment should be the same as what is to be grown in the field.The simple common way of fertilizer application should be used in the systematic approach. -