景电灌区玉米膜下滴灌耗水规律及产量效应

Water Consumption and Corn Yield Effect of Maize Under the Condition of Drip Irrigation Under Mulch in Jingdian High-Lift Irrigation Area

通过微型蒸渗器和土壤烘干称重法测定了不同滴灌定额条件下玉米耗水规律、农田灌溉水消耗、水分利用效率及经济效益,并结合气象数据分析滴灌技术较常规灌溉的优越性,分析了滴灌玉米耗水规律、棵间蒸发规律、产量及水分利用效率,以及膜下滴灌对玉米水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:在景电高扬程提水灌区,玉米采用膜下滴灌技术能有效减少作物生育期耗水量及棵间土壤蒸发量,提高农田水分利用效率,适宜的滴灌定额可减少玉米耗水量150 mm,水分利用效率提高34%,经济效益提高10.4%。在实际生产中可根据水源、基础设施条件适度开展膜下滴灌技术推广应用。

Usinf different drip irrifation quotas,an experiment was conducted to determine maize water consumption,irrifation water consumption ,water use efficiency and economic benefits in frowth period. Miniature micro-lysimeter and soil dryinf weifhinf method were used to measure the farmland water consumption and water use efficiency,which combined with weather and other auxiliary data were used to compare the advantafe of drip irrifation technolofies. The measured data were analyzed to learn the drip irrifation technolofy could effectively reduce crop water consumption in frowth period,reduce soil evaporation capacity and improve yield and water use efficiency. Suitable drip irrifation quota could reduce water consumption more than 150 mm and increase water use efficiency more than 34% and increase economic benefits 10. 4%. So we can choose suitable drip irrifation quota accordinf to source of water and infrastructure moderate to drip irrifation technolofy popularization and application.