野生动物在狂犬病流行病学中的作用

Role of wildlife in epidemiology of rabies in China's Mainland

近年来,我国野生动物引起的人和家畜狂犬病报告病例呈上升趋势,大部分发生在我国东南和东北边境地区。我国鼬獾、蝙蝠、貉、狼、鹿及野鼠等野生动物均已被证实携带狂犬病病毒。本文总结了我国野生动物狂犬病流行情况,对其在我国狂犬病流行病学中的作用进行了分析,并进一步简述了野生动物源狂犬病病毒与我国犬源、人源狂犬病病毒之间的进化关系,以期为我国狂犬病的防治工作提供依据。

Rabies can affect all mammal species including human,domestic animals and wildlife.The number of wildlife rabies and wildlife-associated human or livestock rabies cases has increased in recent years,particularly in the southeast and northeast regions of China. Rabies viruses have been isolated or detected in wildlife,including Chinese ferret badger（CFB）,bat,raccoon dog（RD）,wolf,deer,and vole. In this paper we summarized the status of wildlife rabies in China's Mainland,and analyzed the role of wildlife in rabies epidemic. In addition,the evolutionary characteristics of wildlife-originated Rabies viruses and its relationship to dog-originated Rabies viruses in China's Mainland were analyzed,aiming to provide the bases for prevention and control of rabies in China's Mainland.