日本农业标准化促进农产品竞争力研究——以良好农业规范(GAP)为例

Research on Japan's Agricultural Standardization as a Contribution to Agriculture Products Competitiveness: A Case Study of GAP

日本农业标准化包括两方面内容:一是制定农产品生产、加工、销售等相关标准和法规;二是实施这些标准和法规。日本实施农业标准化,最基本、最重要的环节是生产环节。日本的标准化农业生产主要是通过政府的农业技术推广部门和农协推动实施的。日本的良好农业生产规范(GAP)使农民在有利于食品安全和环境的前提下,依照农业生产检查项目表实施标准化农业生产,提高农产品安全性和农产品品质,增强农产品竞争力。我国应借鉴日本经验,通过农技推广部门、农民合作组织和行业协会等提高农产品标准化水平,增强农产品竞争力。

Japan＇s agricultural standardization includes two aspects,which consist of（1） establishing standards and regulations about the production,processing and marketing of agriculture products,（2） implementing these standards and regulations.Production is the most basic and important link in the implementation of Japan＇s agricultural standardization.In Japan,the standardization of agricultural production is enforced by government agricultural technology extension agencies and JA which is an organization for farmers.On the premise of in favor of food safety and quality,Japan＇s Good Agricultural Practices（GAP） make farmers implement standardized production according to item list of inspections,which improve safety and quality of agricultural products,and can also strengthen competitiveness of agricultural products.Learning from Japan,through agricultural technology extension agencies,farmer cooperative organizations and industry associations,China should promote standardization of agricultural production and strengthen competitiveness of agricultural products.