基于Moran′s I指标的水工结构传感器优化布置

Optimal sensor placement for hydraulic structures based on Moran′s index I

为解决利用有效独立法进行大型水工结构传感器优化布置时产生的信息冗余问题,提出了以Moran?s I指标修正信息矩阵的空间相关-有效独立法。该方法不仅能够判定候选结点模态振型的空间相关程度,并得到综合考虑各阶模态独立贡献程度和空间相关性的测点布置方案。将该方法应用于某导墙的传感器优化布置,并与现有的两种优化布置方法得出的方案进行全面的比较。结果表明:空间相关-有效独立法应用于精细网格划分的大型水工结构的传感器优化布置时,可有效地保证测点空间分布的合理性和模态可测性,并避免测点间的信息冗余问题,是一种适合大型水工结构的较为理想的传感器优化布置算法。

A spatial correlation-effective independence method, which uses Moran＇s index I to weigh the Fisher information matrix, is presented to solve information redundancy in application of the effective independence method to optimal sensor placement in hydraulic structures. This method can not merely judge the spatial correlation of mode shapes at candidate nodes, but obtain sensor placement schemes which maximize the contribution of each sensor to modal observability while taking the spatial correlation into account. ＂It was applied to a guide wall and the obtained scheme was compared in detail with those by two existing methods. Results show that the new method can ensure reasonable spatial distribution and modal measurability and effectively avoid information redundancy in its application to optimal sensor placement in large hydraulic structures modeled with mesh refinement. Therefore, it is an ideal method for optimization of sensor placement.